This bibliography includes all published literature related to the Allen cognitive disabilities model, 1985-2009 including theory, research, and practice applications. While there are also numerous research studies reported in unpublished graduate theses, they are not included here because they are not generally available to the public. A downloadable PDF of this bibliography is available at the end of this listing.
Bibliography of Published Literature related to the Cognitive Disabilities Model - Updated May 18, 2009
Compiled by Sarah Austin, MS, OTR/L and Deane B. McCraith, MS, OT/L for Allen Cognitive Network and Advisors, www.allen-cognitive-network.org
Allen, C. K. (1982). Independence through activity: The practice of occupational therapy (psychiatry). American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 36(11), 731-739.
Allen, C. K. (1985). Occupational therapy for psychiatric diseases: Measurement and management of cognitive disabilities. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company.
Allen, C. K. (1987). Activity: Occupational therapy's treatment method. 1987 Eleanor Clarke Slagle lecture. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 41(9), 563-575.
Allen, C. K. (1988a). Cognitive disabilities. In S. Robinson (Ed.), Mental health focus: American Occupational Therapy Association.
Allen, C. K. (1988b). Occupational therapy: Functional assessment of the severity of mental disorders. Hospital & Community Psychiatry, 39(2), 140-142.
Allen, C. K. (1989). Treatment plans in cognitive rehabilitation. Occupational Therapy Practice, 1(1), 1-8.
Allen, C. K. (1990b). Development of a research tradition. American Occupational Therapy Association, Mental Health Special Interest Section Newsletter, 13(2), 1-3.
Allen, C. K. (1991a). Cognitive disabilities and reimbursement for rehabilitation and psychiatry. Journal of Insurance Medicine, 23(4), 245-247.
Allen, C. K. (1991b). Crafts program utilizes abilities of cognitively disabled. Provider, 17(12), 35.
Allen, C. K. (1992b). Cognitive disabilities. In N. Katz (Ed.), Cognitive rehabilitation: Models for intervention in occupational therapy. Boston, MA: Andover.
Allen, C. K. (1994). Letter to the Editor. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 62(1), 49.
Allen, C. K., & Allen, R. E. (1987). Cognitive disabilities: Measuring the social consequences of mental disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 48, 185-190.
Allen, C. K., & Blue, T. (1998). Cognitive disabilities model: How to make clinical judgments. In N. Katz (Ed.), Cognition and occupation in rehabilitation: Cognitive models for intervention in occupational therapy (pp. 225-280). Bethesda, MD: American Occupational Therapy Association.
Allen, C. K., Earhart, C. A., & Blue, T. (1992). Occupational therapy treatment goals for the physically and cognitively disabled. Bethesda, MD: American Occupational Therapy Association.
Allen, C. K., Earhart, C. A., & Blue, T. (1995). Understanding cognitive performance modes. Ormond Beach, FL: Allen Conferences.
Allen, C. K., & Mendel, W. M. (1982). Chronic illnesses and staff burn out: Revised expectations for change in the supportive-care model. International Journal of Partial Hospitalization, 1, 191-201.
Allen, C. K., & Robertson, S. C. (Eds.). (1993). A study guide of occupational therapy treatment goals for the physically and cognitively disabled. Rockville, MD: American Occupational Therapy Association.
Bakke, B. L., Kvale, S., Burns, T., & McCarten, J. R. (1994). Multicomponent intervention for agitated behavior in a person with Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 27(1), 175-176.
Bar-Yosef, C., Weinblatt, N., & Katz, N. (1999). Reliability and validity of the Cognitive Performance Test (CPT) in an elderly population in Israel. Physical and Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics, 17(1), 65-79.
Bieber, D. C., & Keller, B. (2005). Falls and the client with dementia: Using the occupational profile and Allen cognitive level to direct care. Gerontology: Special Interest Section Quarterly, 28(2), 1-3.
Black, P., & Glickman, N. S. (2006). Demographics, Psychiatric Diagnoses and Other Characteristics of North American Deaf and Hard of Hearing Inpatients. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 15(3), 303-321.
Brown, C. (2000). Clinical interpretation of "A comparison of the Allen Cognitive Level Test and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in adults with schizophrenia". American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 54(2), 134-136.
Burke, M. S., Josephson, A., & Sebastian, C. S. (1995). Clozapine for the treatment of adolescents with schizophrenia. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 34(2), 127-128.
Burns, T. (1992). The Cognitive Performance Test: An approach to cognitive level assessment in Alzheimer's disease. In C. K. Allen, Earhart, C. A. & T. Blue (Eds.), Occupational therapy treatment goals for the physically and cognitively disabled (pp. 46-50). Bethesda, MD: American Occupational Therapy Association.
Burns, T., McCarten, J. R., Adler, G., Bauer, M., & Kuskowski, M. A. (2004). Effects of repetitive work on maintaining function in Alzheimer's disease patients. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias, 19(1), 39-44.
Burns, T., Mortimer, J. A., & Merchak, P. (1994). Cognitive Performance Test: A new approach to functional assessment in Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 7(1), 46-54.
Carmel, R., Katz, N., & Modai, I. (1996). Construct validity of the Allen Cognitive Level (ACL) test: Relationship of cognitive level to hand dexterity in a group of adult inpatients suffering from major depression. The Israel Journal of Occupational Therapy, 5(4), E230-231.
Chan, C., Ray, S., & Trudeau, S. (2001). The development and reliability of the Cantonese version of the Allen Cognitive Level Screen. Occupation Therapy International, 8(4), 287-300.
Conroy, M. C. (1998). Allen's cognitive levels with people who are dementing. British Journal of Therapy & Rehabilitation, 5(1), 21-26.
Cusick, A., & Harai, H. (1991). The Allen tests for cognitive disability: A cross cultural pilot study. Occupational Therapy in Mental Health, 11(4), 61-75.
David, S. K., & Riley, W. T. (1990). The relationship of the Allen Cognitive Level Test to cognitive abilities and psychopathology. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 44(6), 493-497.
Davidhizar, R., Cosgray, R., Smith, J., & Fawley, R. (1991). Comparison of three rating scales used in psychiatric patients. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 27(3), 19-25.
Donda, B., Stratta, P., & Sconci, V. (2001). Utilizzo dell'Allen Cognitive Level Leather Lacing (ACL) in un campione italiano di pazienti affetti da disturbo schizofrenico e disturbo bipolare. = Application of the Allen Cognitive Level Leather Lacing (ACL) in an Italian sample of schizophrenic and bipolar patients. Rivista di Psichiatria, 36(6), 330-336.
Earhart, C. A., & Allen, C. K. (1988). Cognitive disabilities: Expanded activity analysis: Analysis of craft processes and cognitive stimulation and response. Los Angeles, CA: University of Southern California.
Edney, A. (2005). Preventing falls for clients with cognitive impairments. Occupational Therapy Practice, 10(22), 23-26.
Felder, R., James, K., & Brown, C. (1994). Dexterity testing as a predictor of oral care ability. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 42(10), 1081-1086.
Gitlin, L., Winter, L., Vause Earland, T., Herge, E. A., Chernett, N. L., Piersol, C. V., Burke, J. The tailored activity program (TAP) to reduce behavioral symptoms in individuals with dementia: Feasibility, acceptability and replication potential. The Gerontologist (in press).
Gitlin, L. Winter, L., Burke, J, Chernett, N., Dennis, M. P., Hauck, W. W. (2008). Tailored activities activities to manage neuropsychiatric behaviors in persons with dementia and reduced caregiver burden: A randomized pilot study. American Journal of GeriatricPsychiatry, 16 (3) 229-239.
Hartman-Maeir, A., Soroker, N., & Katz, N. (2001). Anosognosia for hemiplegia in stroke rehabilitation. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 15(3), 213-222.
Hayes, R. L., & Keller, S. M. (1999). Why won't Australian occupational therapists adopt Allen's cognitive disability theory? Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 46(4), 188-192.
Heimann, N. E., Allen, C. K., & Yerxa, E. J. (1989). The Routine Task Inventory: A tool for describing the function behavior of the cognitively disabled. Occupational Therapy Practice, 1(1), 67-74.
Henry, A. D., Moore, K., Quinlivan, M., & Triggs, M. (1998). The relationship of the Allen Cognitive Level Test to demographics, diagnosis, and disposition among psychiatric inpatients. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 52(8), 638-643.
Holm, A., & Michel, M. (1999). The outcomes of an inpatient treatment program for geriatric dementia and dysfunctional behaviors. Gerontologist, 39(6), 668-676.
Ivarsson, A., Carlsson, M., & Sidenvall, B. (2004). Performance of occupations in daily life among individuals with severe mental disorders. Occupation Therapy in Mental Health, 20(2), 33-50.
Josman, N., & Bar-Tal, Y. (1997). The introduction of a temporal variable to the Allen Cognitive Level (ACL) Test in adult psychosocial patients. Occupational Therapy in Mental Health, 13(2), 25-34.
Josman, N., & Katz, N. (1991). A problem-solving version of the Allen Cognitive Level Test. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 45(4), 331-338.
Katz, N. (2006). Routine Task Inventory - Expanded (RTI-E) manual, prepared and elaborated on the basis of Allen, C. K. (1989 unpublished).Unpublished manuscript, available at www. allen_cognitive_network.org.
Katz, N., & Heimann, N. (1990). Review of research conducted in Israel on cognitive disability instrumentation. Occupation Therapy in Mental Health, 10(4), 1-15.
Katz, N., Josman, N., & Steinmetz. (1988). Relationship between cognitive disability theory and the model of human occupation in the assessment of psychiatric and non-psychiatric adolescents. Occupational Therapy in Mental Health, 8, 31-43.
Katz, N., & Perelman, N. (1993). Cognitive levels and work recommendations: A study of chronic psychiatric patients in the community. Work: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment and Rehabilitation, 3(1), 64-68.
Kehrberg, K. L., Kuskowski, M. A., Mortimer, J. A., & Shoberg, T. D. (1992). Validating the use of an enlarged, easier-to-see Allen Cognitive Level Test in geriatrics. Physical and Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics, 10(3), 1-14.
Keller, S., & Hayes, R. (1998). The relationship between the Allen Cognitive Level Test and the Life Skills Profile. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 52(10), 851-856.
Larsson, A., Nystrom, C., Vikstrom, S., Walfridsson, T., & Soderback, I. (1995). Computer-assisted cognitive rehabilitation for adults with traumatic brain damage: Four case studies. Occupation Therapy International, 2(3), 166-189.
Lee, S. N., Gargiullo, A., Brayman, S., Kinsey, J. C., Jones, H. C., & Shotwell, M. (2003). Adolescent performance on the Allen Cognitive Levels Screen. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 57(3), 342-346.
Leung, S. B., & Man, D. W. K. (2007). Validity of the Chinese version of the Allen cognitive level screen assessment for individuals with schizophrenia. OTJR: Occupation, Participation and Health, 27(1).
Levy, L. (1992). The use of the cognitive disabilities frame of reference in rehabilitation of cognitively disabled older adults. In N. Katz (Ed.), Cognitive rehabilitation: Models for intervention in occupational therapy (pp. 195-221). Boston: Andover.
Levy, L. (1998). The cognitive disabilities model in rehabilitation of older adults with dementia. In N. Katz (Ed.), Cognition and occupation in rehabilitation: Cognitive models for intervention in occupational therapy (pp. 195-221). Bethesda, MD: AOTA.
Levy, L., & Burns, T. (2005). Cognitive disabilities reconsidered: Rehabilitation of older adults with dementia. In Cognition & occupation across the life span: Models for intervention in occupational therapy (pp. 347-388). Bethesda, MD: American Occupational Therapy Association.
Levy, L. L. (1986a). Cognitive treatment. In D. L.J. & M. Kirkland (Eds.), Role of Occupational Therapy with the Elderly. Rockville, MD: American Occupational Therapy Association.
Levy, L. L. (1986b). A practical guide to the care of the Alzheimer's disease victim: the cognitive disability perspective. Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation, 1(20), 16-26.
Levy, L. L. (1986c). Sensory change and compensation. In L. J. Davis & M. Kirkland (Eds.), Role of occupational therapy with the elderly. Rockville, MD: American Occupational Therapy Association.
Levy, L. L. (1987). Psychosocial intervention and dementia: Part 2. Occupation Therapy in Mental Health, 7, 13-36.
Levy, L. L. (1990). Activity, social role retention and the multiply disabled aged: Strategies for intervention. Evaluation and Treatment of the Psychogeriatric Patient(1-30).
Lindstedt, H., Ivarsson, A., & Söderlund, A. (2006). Background factors related to and/or influencing occupation in mentally disordered offenders. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 20(3), 331-338.
Lindstedt, H., Söderlund, A., & Stålenheim, G. (2004). Mentally disordered offenders’ abilities in occupational performance and social participation. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 11, 118-127.
Lindstedt, H., Söderlund, A., Stålenheim, G., & Sjo¨de'n, P. (2005). Personality traits as predictors of occupational performance and and life satisfaction among mentally disordered offenders. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 59(5), 357-364.
Marom, B., Jarus, T., & Josman, N. (2006). The relationship between the assessment of motor and process skills (AMPS) and the large Allen cognitive level (ACL) test in clients with stroke. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics, 24(4), 33-50.
Mayer, M. A. (1988). Analysis of information processing and cognitive disability theory. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 42(3), 176-183.
McAnanama, E. P., Rogosin-Rose, M. L., Scott, E. A., Joffe, R. T., & Kelner, M. (1999). Discharge planning in mental health: The relevance of cognition to community living. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 53(2), 129-137.
Ngoh, C. T., Lewis, I. D., & Connolly, P. M. (2005). Outcomes of inpatient geropsychiatric treatment: the value of assessment protocols. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 31(4), 12-18.
Ostwald, S. K., Hepburn, K. W., Caron, W., Burns, T., & Mantell, R. (1999). Reducing caregiver burden: A randomized psychoeducational intervention for caregivers of persons with dementia. Gerontologist, 39(3), 299-309.
Penny, N., Mueser, K., & North, C. (1995). The Allen Cognitive Level Test and social competence in adult psychiatric patients. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 49(5), 420-427.
Pollard, D. (2002). Midlife’s Challenge: Understanding and Coping with Decline in Thinking and Behaviour. North Tamborine, Qld. Australia: ACL International.
Pollard, D. (2005). A Cognitive link: Managing Problematic Bodily Behavior. Monoma, WI: Selectone Rehab.
Pollard, D., & Olin, D. W. (2005). Allen's cognitive levels: Meeting the challenges of client focused services. Monoma, WI: Selectone Rehab.
Pollard, D. (2007). Empowering Caregivers: Relevant Lifestyle Profiles 2nd ed. Monoma, WI: Selectone Rehab.
Pollard, D. (2008). Caregivers: Drowning in a Sea of Cognitive Changes. Monoma,WI: Selectone Rehab.
Porter, J., G. Watson, et al. (1998). "Food skills assessment tools for people with a mental illness." Australian Occupational Therapy Journal 45(2): 65-71.
Raweh, D. V., & Katz, N. (1999). Treatment effectiveness of Allen's cognitive disabilities model with adult schizophrenic outpatients: A pilot study. Occupational Therapy in Mental Health, 14(4), 65-77.
Richert, G. Z., & Merryman, M. B. (1987). A model for vocational services. International Journal of Partial Hospitalization, 4(1), 49-61.
Roitman, D. M., & Katz, N. (1996). Predictive validity of the Large Allen Cognitive Levels Test (LACL) using the Allen Diagnostic Module (ADM) in an aged, non-disabled population. Physical and Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics, 14(4), 43-59.
Schalock, R. L. (1994). Assessment of cognitive level in mental health systems. In W. D. Spaulding (Ed.), Cognitive technology in psychiatric rehabilitation. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.
Secrest, L., Wood, A. E., & Tapp, A. (2000). A comparison of the Allen Cognitive Level Test and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in adults with schizophrenia. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 54(2), 129-133.
Sevier, S., & Gorek, B. (2000). Cognitive evaluation in care planning for people with Alzheimer disease and related dementias. Geriatric Nursing, 21(2), 92-97.
Shapiro, M. E. (1992). Application of the Allen Cognitive Level Test in assessing cognitive level functioning of emotionally disturbed boys. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 46(6), 514-520.
Stone, E. L. (1992). Use of the cognitive disability frame of reference in a short-stay private psychiatric hospital. In N. Katz (Ed.), Cognitive rehabilitation: Models for intervention in occupational therapy. Boston: Andover Medical Publishers.
Sweetingham, C. (1996). A critical appraisal of the cognitive disabilities model. New Zealand Journal of Occupational Therapy, 47(1), 5-9.
Thomas, K. S., Hicks, J. J., & Johnson, O. A. (1994). A pilot project for group cognitive retraining with elderly stroke patients. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics, 12(4), 51-66.
Trafton, E. (2002). The adapted work program and its application in VA hospitals and other facilities: An interview with Theressa Burns. Activities directors' quarterly for Alzheimer's & other dementia patients, 3, 4-10.
Velligan, D. I., Bow-Thomas, C. C., Mahurin, R., Miller, A., Dassori, A., & Erdely, F. (1998). Concurrent and predictive validity of the Allen Cognitive Levels Assessment. Psychiatry Research, 80(3), 287-298.
Velligan, D. I., True, J. E., Lefton, R. S., Moore, T. C., & Flores, C. V. (1995). Validity of the Allen Cognitive Levels Assessment: A tri-ethnic comparison. Psychiatry Research, 56(2), 101-109.
Voydetich, D., Jensen, M., Sigford, B., & Mehr, J. (2002). Relationship between the Allen cogntive levels and the Rachos Los Amigos cognitive levels. Preimer Outlook, 3(4), 14-19.
Wang, X., & Emery, L. J. (2002). Cognitive status after hip replacement. Physical and Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics, 21(1), 51-64.
Weissenberg, R., & Giladi, N. (1989). Home economics day: A program for disturbed adolescents to promote acquisition of habits and skills. Occupation Therapy in Mental Health, 9, 89-103.
White, S., Meade, S., & Hadar, L. (2007). Occupational therapy cognitive adaptation: An intervention in time management for persons with co-occurring conditions, OT Practice, June 25 (11), 9-14.
Wilson, S. D., Allen, C. D., McCormack, G., & Burton, G. (1989). Cognitive disability and routine task behaviors in a community-based population with senile dementia. Occupational Therapy Practice, 1(1), 58-66.
Yerxa, E. J. (1990). Quality of time use by adults with spinal cord injuries. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 44(4), 318-126.
Zimnavoda, T., Weinblatt, N., & Katz, N. (2002). Validity of the Kohlman Evaluation of Living Skills (KELS) with Israeli elderly individuals living in the community. Occupational Therapy International, 9(4), 312-325.
Ziv, N., Roitman, D. M., & Katz, N. (1999). Problem solving, sense of coherence and instrumental ADL of elderly people with depression and normal control group. Occupational Therapy International, 6(4), 243-256.
PDF - AllenBibliographyMay2009