Navigating the Cognitive Disability Model as an OT Student

As a third-year doctoral occupational therapy student, I’ve spent countless hours learning different models and frameworks. One that stands out to me is the Allen Cognitive Disability Model (ACDM). This tool has not only deepened my understanding of cognitive impairments but has also given me practical strategies to apply in my fieldwork. Let me share how this model has been a game-changer for me as a student.

Learning the Basics

Initially, the ACDM seemed like just another framework we were required to memorize. But as I dug deeper, I realized how practical it is. By breaking down cognitive functioning into six levels, the model provides a clear structure for understanding how people’s cognitive abilities impact their daily lives. It’s not just about theory—it’s about seeing the whole person and what they’re capable of.

Applying the Model

Using the ACDM, I was able to assess their cognitive level and adapt activities to meet them where they were. For example, I learned that someone at Level 3 (Manual Actions) might benefit from step-by-step instructions and tactile cues, while someone at Level 5 (Exploratory Actions) might prefer more open-ended tasks with room for creativity. Seeing how these adjustments made a difference was incredibly rewarding.

The Student Perspective

What I love most about the ACDM is how it encourages me to focus on what clients can do rather than what they can’t. This strength-based approach has shifted my mindset and made me more confident in tailoring interventions.

As students, it’s easy to feel overwhelmed by the sheer volume of knowledge we’re expected to absorb. The ACDM simplifies things by providing a practical framework that’s easy to apply in real-world settings. It’s a reminder that occupational therapy is about meeting people where they are and helping them achieve their goals—one small step at a time.

For any fellow students out there, I highly recommend diving into the Allen Cognitive Disability Model. It’s more than a tool; it’s a perspective that will shape the way you approach care.

-Shena Nicole Radam, OTS, CDP